I believe that all effective, long-term learning must address three key fundamentals:Motivation, Presentation, and Practice.

Motivation:Effective instructors begin by attempting to gauge and, if possible, increase learner motivation by creating a clear link between learning and it's benefits. The ARCS Model of Motivation created by John Keller synthesizes research pertaining to psychological motivation.

Presentation refers to the way in which new information is provided to learners, whether through text, picture, audio, video, or some mixture of these media. It also refers to the way the new information is organized and sequenced.

Practice refers to the opportunity to rehearse and apply the new knowledge.